Here are further demographic highlights of the leadership team: The Tencent executive team is 50% female and 50% male. During the last two decades, there is an increasing number of leadership theories and frameworks. In 1976, back in Silicon Valley, Steve Jobs and his former friend, Stephen Wozniak, worked on a computer design of their own, the Apple I [39]. A recurring leadership style in this paper is the transformational le adership style which, according to Northouse (2004), is "one of the current approaches to leadership that has been the focus of much research since the early 1980s" (p. 169). By setting the right cultural tone. Alibabas business model bets a revolutionary innovation: Mas belief that the small-business-to-small-business online market offered much greater opportunity than the consumer-to-consumer one, the reason being that, unlike consumers, small businesses are willing to pay a membership fee [91]. Its about the people you have, how youre led, and how much you get it [47]. On being a pioneer: Lots of companies dont succeed over time. Changing a product in ight is tough. Tencent lost the case and had to relinquish the domain names. Later, the company provided users with a range of innovative online lifestyle services. These services included online media outlets, e-commerce outlets, gaming options, social media sites, online advertising, and an online payment option [94]. [38], In 2016, Ma transferred US$2.3 billion worth of his personal Tencent shares to his charitable foundation, the Ma Huateng Global Foundation (). Plenty of seemingly bulletproof businesses Dell, HP, Kodak, Blockbuster have lost their edge by failing to adapt. Ma quickly embraced open-source software. This leadership style shaped Tencent's market/hierarchy orientation culture and teamwork/innovation orientation culture respectively. Rudy Ma, the founder of financial services company Yuanta Financial Holdings, died Tuesday evening at age 82. Jobs and Wozniak later designed a far better product, the Apple II [39]. Inditex currently owns famous brands such as Zara, Pull & Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho, Zara Home, and Uterqe. Through its participative leadership, Tencent is able to enhance employee motivation, and increase organizational commitment and ownership amongst employees as well as other stakeholders. By late 2015 QQ had approximately 850 million monthly active users, and WeChata mobile instant-messaging app that was first introduced in 2011had some 650 million users. Ma and his colleagues were inspired by the concept and developed a comparable program with a Chinese interface and a slightly different name OICQ (or, Open ICQ). On being an innovator: Invention is not enough. China, Industria de Diseo Textil, S.A. (Inditex, owner of Zara and other clothing retailing chains); Amancio Ortega. It is a system that says there is no limit to peoples creativity. Ma Huateng , born on October 29, 1971), also known as Pony Ma, is a Chinese billionaire business magnate. Twitter: @BiographyScoop This is related to our culture. Yang Huiyans riches evaporate as her Country Gardens stock plunges 84% amid real estate squeeze. But imitation, when executed well, is a valid form of innovation. QQ and Facebook reigned supreme in the PC era and were modied to suit mobile. The launch of WeChat is a case in point. Tencent also create Qzone, which boasted 670 million monthly users by 2015 [94]. Besides other studies, interviews, and papers that prove this point [55, 71, 72, 75], Zuckerberg produced a number of quotes that support this statement. Tencent's popular social messaging app WeChat has more than 1 billion users. We may process your personal information for carefully considered, specific purposes which enable us to enhance our services and benefit our customers. Walter Isaacson, Steve Jobs official biographer, described the founder of Apple as a creative entrepreneur whose creativity, passion for perfection and ferocious drive revolutionized six industries: personal computers, animated movies, music, phones, tablet computing, and digital publishing [44]. Apple Inc., a multinational technology company, was founded by Steven Paul Jobsknown as Steve Jobsin 1977, in Los Altos, California, USA [38]. As PhD students, we found it difficult to access the research we needed, so we decided to create a new Open Access publisher that levels the playing field for scientists across the world. Childhood & Early Life. On his role as a supporter of organized learning and growth inside the organization: My job as a leader is to make sure everybody in the company has great opportunities, and that they feel theyre having a meaningful impact and are contributing to the good of society. Jack Mas decline in net worth to $20.6 billion follows his retreat from the internet business empire he cofounded. Wang Dan-ting is the wife of one of China's richest men, Ma Huateng, the founder of Tencent and QQ. Google was started in 1998 in Menlo ParkCalifornia, USA. Based on the streamlined approach to replenishment, Ohno devised the Toyota Production System, which is more broadly known as lean manufacturing or Just-In-Time (JIT) inventory system. In. Under Ma s leadership, Tencent has moved into web portals, social networks, multi-player online games and e-commerce, making the company today an Internet powerhouse and China s number one brand. As the founder of the entertainment giant Tencent, Ma Huateng (or Pony Ma, as he's better known) ranks as one of the richest people on the planet. Edison took advantage of the opportunity to learn telegraphy and, in 1863, he became an apprentice telegrapher. [31] After the company raised $200 million in June's IPO, Ma quickly became one of the richest people in China's telecom industry. 5 Princes Gate Court, Shenzhen also ranks at number 3 in China, and 4 in East Asia. Including the selection of cadres, the character is very important. Jack Ma. Ma Huateng November 30 2022 Review Non-Fiction Influence Empire can Tencent negotiate China's shifting political winds? At a tech conference in Singapore, I discussed censorship. In the case of the selected framework, the results are the ones that tell if this choice was right. We are still striving to create something really cool, trying to create things we couldnt even imagine without our new technologies. [30] He also worked for Shenzhen Runxun Communications Co. Ltd. () in the research and development department for Internet calling services. Entrepreneurial leadership framework appears to be a suitable option for the study in terms of effectively measuring the entrepreneurial aspect in leadership, but it does not really screen or measure elements that may impact discontinuous innovation [17], which would be mandatory for the chosen context. Ma now sits atop the world's fth most valuable public rm, worth US$556 billion (402 billion). From mobile payments to taxi hailing, users can live their lives on one app. What is the profession of Ma Huateng? 5 On Chinas 100 Richest 2022 Despite A Drop In Wealth, Taiwan Billionaire Rudy Ma, Founder Of Yuanta Financial Holdings, Dies At 82, Three Of Chinas Richest Lose More Than $16 Billion In One Day As Stock Rout Hits Hong Kong-Listed Companies, Tencents Pony Ma Falls To No. Tencent CEO Ma Huateng, also known as Pony Ma, started out making $176 a month and now has a net worth of $45 billion. Following the AOL lawsuit, Ma wanted to broaden Tencents business portfolio. READ THE LATEST ARTICLE 16 Jan 2023 4 business administration skills every leader should have (with Q and QQ used to stand for the word cute). Ma studied computer science at Shenzhen University, where he earned (1993) a Bachelor of Science degree. He is said to possess property in Hong Kong as well as art items worth . Agility In China, you can have hundreds of competitors within the first hours of going live. This can be effective in some cases, but it can also lead to resentment from followers who feel like they are not being given a voice. As the rm realised its rapid growth ambitions, Ma feared it would lose its nimbleness and become an overly complex, cumbersome giant. Ma changed the softwares name to QQ in December 2000. Facebook was banned in China in July 2009, the same year WhatsApp launched. Alibabas growth was fast. Visionaries may be the only ones that can actually provide some accurate guesses, and, at the same time, put together, motivate, and guide a team in the right direction. Youve got to be looking for changes you can make for the benefit of the people who are working there [89]. Autocratic leadership style. During the next decade, Edison grew fast as successful mogul [62]. In this Special Edition of the AIB Review, leading industry professionals and members of AIB's Marketing and Entrepreneurship faculty deep dive into the need-to-know industry trends and issues that lie ahead. Ma believes that innovation follows the other six principles agility, openness, user rst, speed, resilience and evolution. Multiple theorical and practical studies indicate that the longitudinal multi-case approach is the best one in terms of properly investigating the results of qualitative inputs [23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28]. An overwhelming percentage of the disruptively successful companies in the top 100 as per market capitalization are American and, mostly, they are located in Silicon Valley. He was born in 1971 in Chaoyang, Shantou, China. The actual scheme was not so much based on sparks of disruptive innovation and genius, but on a systematic approach toward producing inventions [64]. Amazons Je Bezos created a similar mandate in 2002. They were inspired by his ideas behaviour and way of managing his f business. Tecent also operated the social networking site Qzone, which boasted more than 670 million monthly active users in 2015, making it the worlds third largest social network, behind only Facebook and YouTube. Innovation League Business Leader. Bill Gates, Mark Zuckerberg. 3% of Tencent management is Hispanic or Latino. [26] The product quickly became popular and garnered more than a million registered users by the end of 1999, making it one of the largest such services in China. Taobao did not charge a fee but made money from online services and advertising. WeChat, a mobile instant-messaging application that was introduced in 201, soon gathered 650 million users [94]. Leadership style refers to the way the leaders represent their ways of running an organization. Googles innovation model is based on a hubGoogleplexthat attracts talent; this is the same model than Edisons [50, 52, 53]. Therefore, the framework that appeared to suit the best in terms of analyzing environments that combine entrepreneurship and innovation is that of visionary leadership [20, 21, 22]. Tencent, which owns a stake in U.S. videogame company Epic Games, is one of the largest videogame publishers in the world. The first chosen location was Menlo Park, in New Jersey. Ma Chenshu, his father, acquired a position as a port manager in Shenzhen, and the young Ma went with him. Chuanzhi, Zhang Ruimin, Ma Yun (Jack Ma) and Ma Huateng (a description of the five companies and their leaders is provided on page 4). After giving a quick review of state-of-the-art of the leadership research and theories [1], this chapter shortlists, briefly explains, and finally analyzes the candidate frameworks and chooses the apparently most suitable one. His passions kept changing over the time. The second is to look at professional ability and coordination, intelligence and so on. Youve got no business in the workplace if you are just there to be there. Long ago, Max Weber described charismatic authority in his book Economy and Society [8], where he identified it as one of three types of legitimate domination. Types of leadership styles. For instance, he described Toyota in the following way: The Toyota style is not to create results by working hard. WeChat CEO Recent News and Activity Number of News Articles 12 News Apr 1, 2021 Forbes Tencent CEO Ma Huateng Is Back On Top As China's Richest Person News Mar 2, 2021 *Address all correspondence to: alberto.aba@gmail.com. Larry Page met Sergey Brin when Larry entered the doctorate program at Stanford. Still, Tencent has surged ahead and left national rivals like Baidu behind. Reflects change since 5 pm ET of prior trading day. The article concludes that leadership style impacts corporate culture and that the evolution of leadership style has an impact on corporate culture change. Tencent developed Paipai.com, a direct competitor to e-commerce giant Alibaba, in 2005 at Mas request. Leader influence on followers Jack Ma was a charismatic leader that influences his follows; they used to find his a credible source of information so they trust every word he says. Associate Editor, Encyclopdia Britannica. Ma said in December 2015 that Tencent would open a internet hospital in Wuzhen to facilitate long-distance diagnosis and pharmaceutical delivery. As well as empowering younger employees to take the lead, Ma and his team put in place simple rules. Eventually, it is interesting to notice that many other leaders analyzed in this study also are, apparently, introvert, e.g. "We knew our product had a future, but at that time we just couldn't afford it," Ma remembered. Ma Huateng is the originator, CEO, and Chairman of Tencent Holdings Ltd. BAT Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent are Chinas power gang. Ma Huateng is a Chinese business entrepreneur and oligarch worth billions of dollars. Tencent developed an online gaming platform in 2004 and began selling virtual goods (weapons, gaming power) as well as emoticons and ringtones to support the games produced on that platform. The rm also invested US$1.8 billion (1.3 billion) in Tesla. Corrections? Because of his alternative approach to leadership, which BK is all about, we took a deep dive into what makes Nadella so special and why he's a leader to look . The article Characteristics of Visionary Leadership highlights the relevance of certain management traits in the context of greenfield projects and then associates the following attributes to those of a visionary leader [18]: (1) creators of a positive and inspirational vision, (2) supporters of organized learning and growth inside the organization, (3) innovators, and (4) pioneers. [43] He owns a redeveloped palatial residence of 1,820m2 (19,600sqft) in Hong Kong.[43]. Inditex ranked 67 in the global top 100 as per market capitalization [29]. Brief introduction to this section that descibes Open Access especially from an IntechOpen perspective, Want to get in touch? Ma Huateng Overview CB Rank (Person) 260,188 Jobs Number of Current Jobs 1 Ma Huateng is the CEO at WeChat. Later, Microsoft also played a key role in another emerging industry: gamingXbox [68, 69, 70]. Zero-Covid rules, geopolitical tensions and a sliding yuan reshape Chinas growth outlook. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Everything started in 1995, during a trip to the USA, when Jack Ma learned for the first time about website portals and Internet. It launched with a star-studded push, featuring among others footballing superstar Lionel Messi, but marketing doesnt work when the cost of switching is high. On February 4, 2004, Mark Zuckerberg, a Harvard student, launched the facebook.com, a directory in which fellow students entered their information and photos into a template. Resour. Feature comparison between studied firms and founders. But Mas early focus was on what he knew. Updates? The Alibaba Group cofounder has been laying low for the last two years amid the Chinese governments crackdown on industry. It can be observed that, in 89% of the cases, the leaders either outperform their already outperforming firms, in terms of value rankingsBill Gates, Mark Zuckerberg, Amancio Ortega or enjoy even more prestige and recognition than the companies that they started up. In 2006 Ma announced a ve-year business plan: to reach annual revenues of 10 billion renminbi (1.14 billion). Ma Huateng studied computer science at Shenzhen University, where he earned a bachelor of science degree (1993). Looking at the history of Alibaba, Jack Ma is good at adapting new strategies to gain . Its not about money. Pages personality traits, like his introverted tendencies, may not fit the profile of a charismatic leader [55, 56, 58, 60], but he definitively does in that of a visionary leader. "[33] Ma Huateng seldom appears in the media and is known for his secretive lifestyle. In 1999, Alibaba Group, an online trading company, was established by Jack Ma, a former English teacher, in Hangzhou City, China [90]. Among other achievements, Mark Zuckerberg reached the top five in the list of wealthiest people on earth [33]. Home prices slumped for a third-straight month in September; Twitter quietly stopped enforcing its Covid-19 misinformation policy; meet the youngest honorees on Forbes 30 Under 30 2023 list; and more. That gave Toyota an edge in terms of productivity and quality [86, 87]. From 1977 to 1985, Apple was managed by six Chief Executive Officers (Finkle & Mallin, 2010). The article Leadership theory and research in the new millennium: Current theoretical trends and changing perspectives [1] provides a review of the state-of-the-art research in terms of leadership research of the last two decades, including most of the theories and frameworks, except that of visionary leadership, which has anyway been included in the analysis [2]. 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